The Most Common HVAC Problems & How To Fix Them

Is your HVAC system acting up? Many homeowners experience common HVAC issues that can impact comfort, efficiency, and, ultimately, your energy bills. Understanding these problems and knowing how to address them is crucial for maintaining a comfortable and efficient home. Bookmark this blog so that you can quickly pinpoint the most common HVAC problems, their impact on your home, and what practical solutions you can use to keep your system running smoothly.

DIY Solutions and Maintenance Tips

An HVAC system can experience various issues over time, but regular maintenance and timely interventions can prevent major breakdowns. Here are ten common ways an HVAC system can break down and solutions homeowners can implement to avoid or address these issues:

Clogged Air Filters

Problem: Air filters can become clogged with dust, dirt, and debris, reducing airflow and causing the system to overheat or work inefficiently. This will also lead to poor air quality in your home.

Solution: Replace or clean air filters every 1-3 months, depending on usage and the type of filter. Check filters more frequently if there are pets or if someone in the home has allergies

Thermostat Malfunctions

Problem: A malfunctioning thermostat can cause the HVAC system to run improperly or not at all.

Solution: Regularly check the thermostat settings and replace the batteries annually. If the thermostat is old, consider upgrading to a programmable or smart thermostat for better control and energy efficiency.

Refrigerant Leaks

Problem: Low refrigerant levels due to leaks can cause the system to lose its cooling capacity and lead to compressor failure.

Solution: Schedule annual HVAC inspections to check for refrigerant leaks. If a leak is detected, have a professional repair it and recharge the system to the appropriate level.

Dirty Coils

Problem: The evaporator and condenser coils can accumulate dirt over time, reducing efficiency and causing the system to overheat.

Solution: Clean the coils annually or as recommended by the manufacturer. A professional HVAC technician can clean them thoroughly during routine maintenance.

Blocked or Leaking Ducts

Problem: Blockages or leaks in the ductwork can reduce airflow and efficiency, leading to uneven heating or cooling and increased energy bills.

Solution: Inspect ducts periodically for visible signs of damage or disconnection. Seal any leaks with appropriate materials, and consider professional duct cleaning and sealing if airflow issues persist.

Failed Capacitors

Problem: Capacitors provide the initial boost to start the HVAC motors. If they fail, the system may not start or run efficiently.

Solution:  Have capacitors checked during routine HVAC maintenance. Replace capacitors at the first sign of wear to prevent system failure.

Blocked or Dirty Outdoor Unit

Problem: The outdoor condenser unit can become blocked by debris, leaves, or grass, restricting airflow and reducing efficiency.

Solution: Regularly clear debris around the outdoor unit. Keep vegetation trimmed back at least two feet from the unit to ensure proper airflow.

Electrical Issues

Problem: Electrical problems, such as loose connections or worn-out wiring, can cause the HVAC system to short-circuit or fail completely.

Solution: Have an HVAC professional inspect the electrical components of the system during annual maintenance. Address any wiring or connection issues immediately to prevent more serious problems.

Uneven Room Temperatures

Problem: Many homes experience uneven temperatures across different rooms, which can lead to discomfort and increased energy bills. This issue often stems from inadequate airflow, insulation problems, or issues within the HVAC system.

Solution: Begin by checking vents for obstructions, ensuring they are fully open and clear of furniture or other items. Use a fan to help with airflow if certain areas remain stagnant. Additionally, inspect insulation in walls and attics; proper insulation helps maintain consistent temperatures. If issues persist, consider having a professional perform a comprehensive HVAC inspection to identify and address any imbalances in your system.

Water Leaks from HVAC Unit

Problem: Water leaks from your HVAC unit can lead to significant damage to your home, fostering mold growth and compromising structural integrity. Leaks may occur due to a clogged condensate drain line, a damaged drain pan, or excessive humidity levels within the system.

Solution: Begin by promptly identifying the source of the leak. Clear any blockages in the condensate drain line using a wet/dry vacuum or a plumbing snake. Inspect the drain pan for damage and replace it if necessary.

Strange Noises from the HVAC Unit

Problem: Hearing unusual sounds coming from your HVAC unit can be concerning and may indicate underlying issues that need attention. Common strange noises include banging, squealing, or rattling. These sounds can be caused by loose components, worn-out bearings, or even debris caught in the fan or blower.

Solution: Start by turning off the HVAC system to prevent further damage. Inspect the unit for any visible obstructions or loose parts. Tighten any loose screws, bolts, or panels you encounter. If you hear a squealing noise, this may suggest a worn-out belt or bearing, which should be replaced promptly to avoid a complete system failure. For persistent or complex issues,  reach out to an  qualified HVAC technician.

Frequent Cycling of the HVAC System 

Problem: If your HVAC system is frequently cycling on and off, it may indicate a problem that can affect both efficiency and comfort in your home. Short cycling not only wastes energy but can also lead to premature wear and tear on the unit. Common causes include an incorrectly sized system, a malfunctioning thermostat, or issues with airflow.

Solution: To address frequent cycling, first, check that the thermostat is functioning properly and is accurately calibrated. If it’s set too low or too high, adjust it to a more moderate temperature. Inspect your air filters and replace them if they’re dirty and check vents and registers to ensure they are not blocked. If problems persist, consult with a qualified HVAC professional.

By following these solutions and performing regular maintenance, homeowners can significantly reduce the likelihood of HVAC system breakdowns and ensure optimal performance throughout the year.

When to Call a Professional

While DIY solutions can address minor issues, some problems require the expertise of a professional HVAC technician.

Complex Repairs

Issues like refrigerant leaks, electrical problems, and motor failures demand professional attention. Attempting these repairs yourself can be dangerous and may void warranties.

Regular Maintenance

Professionals can perform comprehensive inspections and maintenance, ensuring your system runs efficiently and identifying potential problems before they become major issues. Schedule regular HVAC maintenance, ideally twice a year, before the start of the heating and cooling seasons. This helps identify and address issues early, prolonging the life of the system and ensuring efficient operation.

HVAC Experts in Portland

Regular maintenance and awareness of common HVAC issues are crucial for keeping your system running smoothly.  Jacobs Heating & Air Conditioning offers expert services in the Portland metro area to help you maintain a comfortable and efficient home. Our team of skilled technicians can diagnose and repair any HVAC problem, ensuring your system operates at peak performance.Need an expert to tackle your HVAC issues? Contact Jacobs Heating & Air Conditioning today to schedule a consultation and keep your system running smoothly.